T-SQL, short for Transact-SQL, is not one thing but a set of programming extensions for Sybase and Microsoft.
The programming extensions basically act as as extension to Structured Query Language, SQL is designed to allow users to interact with relational databases.
T-SQL is regarded as an extension of SQL since it comes with additional features such as; procedural programming, local variables/error handling and data processing.
What is essential for T-SQL?
The procedural programming extension enables users to understand a series of computational steps that will be carried out.
Local Variables are essential for tracking any unknown quantities that need to be assessed, and are an important expansion that T-SQL provides.
T-SQL is in essence a secondary way of programming and managing SQL Server. It does this by exposing keywords for the operations that can be performed on SQL Server.
For example, creating and altering database schemas, entering and editing data in the database as well as monitoring.