A group of computer and software companies has established the CD-Recordable Consortium: founding members of the Frankfurt Consortium include Philips NV, Meridian Data Corp, Taiyo Yuden Co, Ricoh Co, Sony Corp, Teac Inc, Sun Microsystems Inc, Elektroson, Eastman Kodak Co, Jet Propulsion Labs, Optimage, Mammouth Micro and Microwave; the Frankfurt Group standard file format is based on the Philips-Sony Orange Book which specifies the physical standard for write-once compact disk media; the Frankfurt standard and CD-R technology ensure backward compatibility so that a CD-R drive that adheres to the Consortium’s standard will be able to both write and read a conventional CD ROM, CD ROM-XA and CD-I.